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4.0 Domestic Wastewater Characteristics
The following are general characteristics for domestic wastewater. The regulations covering the sizing of on-lot disposal systems are based on the assumption that the wastewater is similar to domestic wastewater . Therefore, it may be necessary to provide additional pretreatment or enlarge the on-lot disposal system for higher strengthen wastewaters, such as: restaurants, breweries, nursing homes, hospitals, etc.
Table 1.
Typical Characteritics of Domestic Wastewater
| Parameter | Typical Concentration |
| Total Coliform | 1 billon to over 100 billion per liter |
| Fecal Coliform | 100,000 to 1 billion per liter |
| BOD 5 | 200 to 290 mg / L |
| COD | 680 to 730 mg / L |
| Total Nitrogen | 35 to 100 mg N /L |
| Ammonia | 6 to 18 mg N /L |
| Nitrate + Nitrite | < 1 mg N / L |
| Total Phosphorous | 18 to 29 mg P / L |
| Ortho Phosphorous | 6 to 24 mg P /L |
| Total Solids | 680 to 1000 mg / L |
| Volatile Solids | 380 to 500 mg / L |
| Suspended Solids | 200 to 290 mg /L |
| Volatile Suspended Solids | 150 to 240 mg /L |
Source: US EPA, Design Manual: Onsite Wastewater Treatment and Disposal Systems, October 1980.
Table 2.
Pollutant Concentration of Major Components
of Residential Wastewater in mg / L
| Parameter | Garbage Grinders |
Basin/Toilet | Sink/ Applicanes | Combined Wastewater |
| BOD5 | 2380 | 280 | 260 | 360 |
| Suspended Solid | 3500 | 450 | 160 | 400 |
| T. Nitrogen | 79 | 140 | 17 | 63 |
| T. Phosphorous | 13 | 20 | 26 | 23 |
Source: US EPA, Design Manual: Onsite Wastewater Treatment and Disposal Systems, October 1980.
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